The 2019 Nobel prize for physics has been awarded to three scientists:
James Peebles, Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz. This blog post will
briefly outline why Mayor and Queloz were awarded their prize. In 1995 these Swiss astronomers announced the discovery of the first planet
orbiting another ‘solar type’ star. The star 51 Peg has a very similar
temperature and mass to the Sun and lies at a distance of 50 light
years in the constellation Pegasus. They found the presence of the
planet by taking a series of high resolution spectra using a telescope
in France.
23rd Nov 1995. Credit Nature Publishing Group.
You might think that the Sun is simply rotating around its axis. Well,
it does, but it actually performs a slow `dance’ around the center of
mass of the solar system. This is because the planets, mainly Jupiter
and to a lesser extent Saturn, cause a gravitational tug on the
Sun. If stars have planets they will also perform a dance around the
center of mass of that stellar system. Astronomers can measure this by
taking a series of high resolution spectra.
Just by seeing a rainbow you will have seen a spectrum of the Sun. If
you take a spectrum of the Sun or a star using an instrument called a
spectrograph you will also see a `rainbow’. However, if you have
enough resolution in colour you will seen dark lines which are due to
elements in the stars atmosphere absorbing light. By taking a series
of spectra over time, astronomers can infer the presence of another
object if the lines move over time in a periodic manner. What Mayor
and Queloz discovered was a planet which appears similar in mass to
Jupiter but is orbiting its host star every 4.2 days. If it was placed
in our Solar System it would be well inside the orbit of Mercury. This
was just the first discovery of a ‘hot Jupiter’ around stars and was
completely unexpected.
Peg. Credit: ESO/M. Kornmesser/Nick Risinger (skysurvey.org)
As is quite often the case in science, other groups were also using
the newer generation of precision spectrographs to observe stars at
the same time as the Swiss astronomers and announced the independent discovery of a planet around 51 Peg. These discoveries set in motion the whole research field of ‘exoplanets’ — planets around other
stars. This is why Mayor and Queloz were awarded the Nobel prize. Many
exoplanets are initially detected using the transit method [see
https://armaghplanet.com/on-the-retirement-of-kepler.html]. However,
to confirm that the transiting body is a planet (and not a low mass
star or brown dwarf) high resolution spectra are required.
in 2026. Credit: OHB System AG
Today over 4000 exoplanets are known, many discovered using the Kepler mission which ended in October 2018. NASA launched the TESS satellite in April 2018 whose main goal is to discover planets around red low mass stars. The European Space Agency will launch Plato in 2026 which will have a goal of detecting Earth like planets orbiting around solar-type stars.
1 Comment
Shahidur Rahman Sikder · December 1, 2019 at 20:45
Claim Nobel Prize in Physics 2019
Who is a rightful for discovery above 100% way of the Universe? Who was the rightful for Nobel Prize in Physics 2019!
My Present History:
I’m alone free search out– Real History of the Universe- for the Mankind- Here in my Home Library long time- more than 30 years with out help of government. My present research results: I am discovery while listening through that above- 100% way of the Universe i.e. before 14 billion years ago i.e. before the big bang what happened? Answer of the question joined together in my Book- “Real Brief History of the Universe”
Additional in my research results- Found- natural way to understanding the Universe & Cosmology. Philosopher’s find out- Ultimate Reality of Philosophy is Wonder of Creation. Amazing Facts about the Universe, same moment or event- there are two cases of the Universe. Just at this moment or event everything has creation again same event or very moment nothing creation in the Universe. We are looking Big Universe again it infinitesimal. Found- We are everybody is a Universe and Our place is center in the Universe and also our sun is center point- from the sun location. Mankind found out- The correct solutions to the questions about the Universe Creation or Creator because is there science very possibility. Scientists find out- In full Communications of Physics & Sciences transcending boundaries, the Grand Universe model and the Structure of Sketch of the Universe. Again Scientists found- The above 100 new discoveries and discovery the Universe’s beginnings. Found- Answering of the questions; What, Where and how is Dark energy, Dark matters and Normal matters? Found- What where and how are the Black Holes. Found- How the Universe evolved after the Big Bang. Again world-wide people found- Famous Scientists- has made mistaken Discovery & Lawfully- Its Now 100% Purified. So on.
It’s most important for the world-wide people and future generation. It relevant to better civilization is highly needed.
In my Book- Education Innovate about the Universe & Cosmology and on this plea; Its Studies or Lesson for the World-wide Observatory Scientists, Global Affiliated Societies, Space Scientists, Researchers, Writers, Philosophers, Priests, Astronomy and Astrophysics Teachers, Astronomers, Astronomy Societies, Students and Minded people.
Correct Understanding of the Cosmology or Universe Creation or Creator can be founding in my theoretical information! (No need of mathematical formulations or equation) If your faculty or imagination power is much strong, just go through following below thesis theories.
This book for results- Key used my own theories (1) The Imagination or Faculty (2) Big Bang (3) Evolution (4) Gravitation (5) Time Dimension.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yet! Dr. James Peebles- (USA) Nobel Prize in Physics 2019, the prize was awarded for contributions to our understanding of the Evolution of the Universe and Earth’s place in the cosmos, for theoretical discoveries in physical cosmology. Again “While James Peebles’ theoretical discoveries contributed to our understanding of how the universe evolved after the Big Bang, Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz explored our cosmic neighbourhoods on the hunt for unknown planets. Their discoveries have forever changed our conceptions of the world.”
It’s I’m discoveries before Dr. James Peebles.
See into- Related files/media:
At: https://lnkd.in/fg3pm27
In order of merit- found realism- How the Universe evolved after the Big Bang & the Universe and everything.
At: https://lnkd.in/g73UzTm
In order of merit- found realism- (In this file) Log No Type- 2005-048, Recv’d in FOIA- 5/3/2005. Originator: Shahidur Rahman Sikder, Date of Request: 5-2-2005, Document Requested: Information on evolution theory of the Universe.
At: https://lnkd.in/fVUBhCH (This video DEMO world-wide running 12 years) in order of merit- found realism- Earth’s Place in the Cosmos.
Yet! In Nobel Foundation Has Goodness Abatement!
As I see it, for Nobel Prize in Physics 2019- game maker was (Lund University) Director Quitmann new member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Science.
Now I am world-wide seeking answers of my questions that- Who is a rightful for discovery above 100% way of the Universe? Who was the rightful for Nobel Prize in Physics 2019!
Consequently lawful- Swiftly who can take the resolution- Answering of my Questions.